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Is China Winning People Over?

Day 2

中国は人々の心をつかんでいるか

Illuminated skyscrapers of modern Chongqing at night between steep hills

A tourist arriving in Chongqing may expect to find an old-fashioned industrial city. Instead, the visitor sees illuminated skyscrapers rising between steep hills, trains passing through buildings, busy shopping districts, and digital services that make daily life surprisingly convenient. Videos of these scenes have attracted millions of views online.

重慶に到着した観光客は、古風な工業都市を想像するかもしれません。しかし実際には、急な丘のあいだにそびえるライトアップされた超高層ビル、建物の中を通る列車、賑やかな商店街、そして日常生活を驚くほど便利にするデジタルサービスを目にします。こうした光景の動画は、オンラインで何百万もの再生回数を集めています。

For some travelers, the experience creates a sharp contrast with the China they had imagined. They may have formed their opinions through political news, reports about government control, or images from an earlier period. Seeing modern Chinese cities in person can make them question whether their previous picture was complete.

一部の旅行者にとって、この体験は想像していた中国との鮮明なコントラストを生みます。政治ニュース、政府による統制に関する報道、あるいは以前の時代のイメージを通じて意見を形成してきたかもしれません。現代の中国の都市を実際に見ることで、以前のイメージが完全だったかどうかを疑うようになることがあります。

China clearly benefits when visitors share such reactions. The country has worked hard to present itself as modern, technologically advanced, safe, and efficient. High-speed trains, electric vehicles, artificial intelligence, dramatic cityscapes, and large infrastructure projects all contribute to this image.

訪問者がそのような反応を共有すると、中国は明らかに利益を得ます。同国は、現代的で技術的に先進的、安全で効率的な国として自らを示すために努力してきました。高速鉄道、電気自動車、人工知能、劇的な都市景観、大規模なインフラプロジェクトがすべてこのイメージに寄与しています。

This is part of a wider competition for soft power. Instead of forcing other countries to follow it, China wants people to admire its achievements and see it as a useful partner. Tourism campaigns, international media, cultural programs, scholarships, trade, and investment can all help shape how the country is perceived abroad.

これはソフトパワーをめぐるより広い競争の一部です。他国に従わせるのではなく、中国は人々にその成果を称賛させ、有用なパートナーとして見てもらいたいと考えています。観光キャンペーン、国際メディア、文化プログラム、奨学金、貿易、投資はすべて、海外での国の受け止められ方を形づくる助けとなります。

In countries such as Indonesia, China is not simply a distant political power. Chinese-built railways, affordable smartphones, electric vehicles, online services, and business investment have become visible in everyday life. These concrete experiences may influence public opinion more strongly than abstract debates about international politics.

インドネシアのような国では、中国は単に遠い政治的大国ではありません。中国が建設した鉄道、手頃なスマートフォン、電気自動車、オンラインサービス、ビジネス投資が日常生活の中で目に見えるものになっています。こうした具体的な経験は、国際政治についての抽象的な議論よりも強く世論に影響するかもしれません。

However, a positive view of China does not necessarily mean confidence in its political leadership. Surveys can show that people have a more favorable opinion of China as a country while still expressing little trust in President Xi Jinping. They may respect China’s economic achievements without approving of its political system or foreign policy.

しかし、中国への好意的な見方が、その政治指導への信頼を必ずしも意味するわけではありません。調査では、人々が国としての中国にはより好意的な意見を持ちつつも、習近平国家主席への信頼はほとんど示さないことがあります。政治体制や外交政策を支持しなくても、中国の経済的成果を尊重するかもしれません。

That distinction is important. A country, its people, its government, and its leader are not the same thing. Someone may admire Israeli technology or culture while strongly criticizing Benjamin Netanyahu. In the same way, a person may be interested in China’s cities and products while remaining concerned about Xi Jinping’s leadership.

その区別は重要です。国、その国民、政府、指導者は同じものではありません。誰かがイスラエルの技術や文化を称賛しつつ、ベンヤミン・ネタニヤフを強く批判することもあります。同じように、人は中国の都市や製品に関心を持ちつつ、習近平の指導には懸念を持ち続けるかもしれません。

China’s image campaign may therefore be succeeding in some areas but failing in others. Impressive cities and useful technology can attract attention, yet questions about political freedom, territorial disputes, censorship, and online propaganda remain. The real challenge is not simply getting people to notice China. It is convincing them that the image they see is both attractive and trustworthy.

したがって、中国のイメージキャンペーンは一部では成功し、他では失敗しているかもしれません。印象的な都市と有用な技術は注目を集めますが、政治的自由、領土問題、検閲、オンライン宣伝についての疑問は残ります。本当の課題は、単に人々に中国に気づいてもらうことではありません。彼らが見るイメージが魅力的であると同時に信頼できると納得させることです。

Vocabulary

  1. old-fashioned — not modern and belonging to an earlier period. Example: Some visitors expect the city to look old-fashioned but are surprised by its modern transportation system.
  2. illuminated — lit by bright lights. Example: Videos of illuminated skyscrapers in Chongqing have become popular online.
  3. sharp contrast — a very clear and noticeable difference between two things. Example: The modern city created a sharp contrast with the image the tourist had expected.
  4. question — to doubt whether something is true or correct. Example: Direct experience may cause travelers to question their previous assumptions about a country.
  5. technologically advanced — using or developing highly modern technology. Example: China wants to present itself as a technologically advanced society.
  6. soft power — the ability to influence others through attraction, culture, values, and reputation rather than force. Example: Tourism and popular technology can strengthen a country’s soft power.
  7. abstract — based on general ideas rather than specific or practical examples. Example: Everyday experience may influence people more than abstract political arguments.
  8. distinction — a clear difference between two similar or related things. Example: It is important to make a distinction between a country and its political leader.
  9. trustworthy — deserving to be believed or depended on. Example: A successful national image must appear not only attractive but also trustworthy.

Comprehension Questions

  1. Why are some tourists surprised when they visit Chongqing?
    1. The city has very few modern buildings.
    2. The city appears more modern and technologically advanced than they expected.
    3. Tourists are not allowed to use digital services.
    4. The city is completely different from other Chinese cities.

    一部の観光客が重慶を訪れたときに驚くのはなぜですか?

  2. What image does China try to present internationally?
    1. A country that avoids technology and foreign trade
    2. A traditional society that does not change
    3. A modern, safe, efficient, and technologically advanced country
    4. A country interested only in military power

    中国は国際的にどのようなイメージを示そうとしていますか?

  3. Why may people in Indonesia view China positively?
    1. China has little influence on their daily lives.
    2. Chinese products, investment, and infrastructure are increasingly visible.
    3. Indonesia has adopted China’s political system.
    4. People there receive no international news.

    インドネシアの人々が中国を好意的に見るかもしれないのはなぜですか?

  4. What distinction does the article emphasize?
    1. The distinction between tourists and businesspeople
    2. The distinction between large cities and rural areas
    3. The distinction between opinions of China and opinions of Xi Jinping
    4. The distinction between China and Indonesia

    記事はどのような区別を強調していますか?

  5. What challenge does China’s image campaign still face?
    1. Making China less visible internationally
    2. Preventing tourists from sharing videos
    3. Convincing people that its image is both attractive and trustworthy
    4. Ending all trade with other countries

    中国のイメージキャンペーンが依然として直面している課題は何ですか?

Discussion Questions

  1. Can visiting a country completely change a person’s opinion of it? Why or why not?

    国を訪れることで、その国に対する人の意見は完全に変わりえますか?それはなぜ/なぜそうではないですか?

  2. Which is more effective for improving a country’s image: government campaigns or ordinary tourists sharing their experiences?

    国のイメージを改善するのに、政府のキャンペーンと一般観光客の体験共有のどちらがより効果的ですか?

  3. Is it possible to admire a country while distrusting its leader? Give an example.

    指導者を信頼せずに国を称賛することは可能ですか?例を挙げてください。

  4. Do modern cities and advanced technology provide an accurate picture of an entire country?

    近代的な都市と先進技術は、国全体の正確な姿を示しますか?

  5. How can people decide whether an attractive national image is genuine or carefully controlled?

    魅力的な国家イメージが本物か、注意深く管理されたものかを、人々はどう判断できますか?

Speaking Task

  1. Explain why China’s international image may be improving. Include: what surprises some foreign visitors, how China presents itself to the world, how daily experiences influence public opinion, and why opinions of China and Xi Jinping may be different. Speak for about one minute.

    中国の国際的イメージが改善しているかもしれない理由を説明してください。一部の外国人訪問者が驚くこと、中国が世界にどう自らを示すか、日常経験が世論にどう影響するか、中国と習近平に対する意見が異なる理由を含めてください。約1分間話してください。